A series of 3, 6-dihydroxy 9(H) 9-aryl xanthene derivatives were synthesized using the condensation reaction of different substituted aldehydes with resorcinol by MW irradiation technique using sulphamic acid as catalyst. The compounds were characterized by physicochemical and spectral analysis. Their antioxidant properties were evaluated using reducing power assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity assay. Ascorbic acid was used as reference standard. All synthesized xanthene derivatives exhibited pronounced antioxidant activity as a function of concentration from 50µg/ml-300µg/ml. 3, 4, 5-trimethoxy phenyl substituted xanthene had an IC50 0.89 mM/ml comparable to that of 1.32 mM/ml of standard. The antioxidant activity exhibited were a function of concentration of the derivatives. The other derivatives also showed comparable antioxidant activity at concentrations higher than that of ascorbic acid. The parameters for drug likeness were also evaluated according to the Lipinski’s rule of five which indicated that the xanthene derivatives have logP values between 4-5 and can be one of the hydrophobic classes of antioxidants to tackle the oxidative stress as compared to ascorbic acid which is hydrophilic.
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